7TND

The crystal structure of CYP199A4 bound to 4-phenoxybenzoic acid


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.82 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.245 
  • R-Value Work: 0.203 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.205 

Starting Model: experimental
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Literature

Enabling Aromatic Hydroxylation in a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Enzyme through Protein Engineering.

Coleman, T.Lee, J.Z.H.Kirk, A.M.Doherty, D.Z.Podgorski, M.N.Pinidiya, D.K.Bruning, J.B.De Voss, J.J.Krenske, E.H.Bell, S.G.

(2022) Chemistry 28: e202201895-e202201895

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202201895
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7JXB, 7TND, 7TNF, 7TNU, 8D39

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of heme monooxygenases catalyse the selective oxidation of C-H bonds under ambient conditions. The CYP199A4 enzyme from Rhodopseudomonas palustris catalyses aliphatic oxidation of 4-cyclohexylbenzoic acid but not the aromatic oxidation of 4-phenylbenzoic acid, due to the distinct mechanisms of aliphatic and aromatic oxidation. The aromatic substrates 4-benzyl-, 4-phenoxy- and 4-benzoyl-benzoic acid and methoxy-substituted phenylbenzoic acids were assessed to see if they could achieve an orientation more amenable to aromatic oxidation. CYP199A4 could catalyse the efficient benzylic oxidation of 4-benzylbenzoic acid. The methoxy-substituted phenylbenzoic acids were oxidatively demethylated with low activity. However, no aromatic oxidation was observed with any of these substrates. Crystal structures of CYP199A4 with 4-(3'-methoxyphenyl)benzoic acid demonstrated that the substrate binding mode was like that of 4-phenylbenzoic acid. 4-Phenoxy- and 4-benzoyl-benzoic acid bound with the ether or ketone oxygen atom hydrogen-bonded to the heme aqua ligand. We also investigated whether the substitution of phenylalanine residues in the active site could permit aromatic hydroxylation. Mutagenesis of the F298 residue to a valine did not significantly alter the substrate binding position or enable the aromatic oxidation of 4-phenylbenzoic acid; however the F182L mutant was able to catalyse 4-phenylbenzoic acid oxidation generating 2'-hydroxy-, 3'-hydroxy- and 4'-hydroxy metabolites in a 83 : 9 : 8 ratio, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations, in which the distance and angle of attack were considered, demonstrated that in the F182L variant, in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the phenyl ring of 4-phenylbenzoic acid attained a productive geometry for aromatic oxidation to occur.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Cytochrome P450410Rhodopseudomonas palustris HaA2Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: RPB_3613
UniProt
Find proteins for Q2IU02 (Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain HaA2))
Explore Q2IU02 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q2IU02
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ2IU02
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.82 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.245 
  • R-Value Work: 0.203 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.205 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 44.074α = 90
b = 51.279β = 92.19
c = 78.953γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
XDSdata reduction
Aimlessdata scaling
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Australian Research Council (ARC)Australia--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2023-01-04
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description