Download MendeleyStructural and Functional Comparison of Cytokine Interleukin-1 Beta from Chicken and Human.
Cheng, C.S., Chen, W.T., Lee, L.H., Chen, Y.W., Chang, S.Y., Lyu, P.C., Yin, H.S.(2011) Mol Immunol 48: 947
- PubMed: 21288573
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2011.01.002
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
2WRY, 3NJ5 - PubMed Abstract:
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is an important cytokine in the immune system. The properties of avian IL-1βs are less well understood than the mammalian IL-1βs, and there is no available structure of avian IL-1βs in the Protein Data Bank. Here, we report the crystal structures of wild-type and Y157F mutant IL-1βs from chicken. Both the wild-type and mutant IL-1βs share a beta-trefoil conformation similar to that of human IL-1β and also have an internal hydrophobic cavity. However, the cavity sizes clearly differ from that of human IL-1β due to the packing of hydrophobic residues. Our studies also reveal that the relative thermal stability of IL-1βs does not correlate with cavity size but rather is dependent on the amino acid residues present around the cavity. This cavity serves as a scaffold for maintaining the structure of the IL-1β core region but does not have a biological function per se. Moreover, we found that human IL-1β cannot induce chemokine expression in chicken fibroblasts or elevate plasma cortisol levels in chickens, implying a lack of cross-species bioactivity. Close examination reveals that significant structural and sequence differences occur in the terminal and some loop regions between human and chicken IL-1βs. These variable regions have been shown to be critical for receptor binding, thus resulting in a lack of species cross-reactivity between human and chicken IL-1β.
Organizational Affiliation:
Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, and College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
